Front Page Partners Objectives Methodology Project Workplan Background of the proposal Expected benefits and Achievements Contribution Innovation aspects Results News Guestbook
 
 
· Front page
· Partners
· Objectives
· Methodology
· Project Workplan
· Background of the proposal
· Expected benefits and achievements
· Contribution
· Innovation Aspects
· Results
· Exploitation and dissemination activities
· Conclusions
· News
· Duration of the project
· Contact
· Acknowledgements
· Work after the project was closed

Porcine Parvovirus (PPV)


       PPV is a member of the family Parvoviridae, genus Parvovirus. Parvovirus virions are nonenveloped, 25 nm in diameter, and have icosahedral symmetry. The surface features of the capsid revealed by X-ray crystallography include a hollow cylinder at each fivefold axis of symmetry that is surrounded by a circular depression (called the canyon), a prominent protrusion at each threefold axis of symmetry (called the spike), and a depression at each twofold axis of symmetry (called the dimple).
       The genome consists of a single molecule of linear ssDNA, 5.2 kb in size. The capsid is composed of 60 protein subunits. Viral replication takes place in the nucleus and requires host cell functions of late S phase or early G2 phase of the cell division cycle. The requirement for cycling cells for viral replication indicates a viral requirement for host DNA replication machinery. Infection leads to large intranuclear inclusion bodies. Viruses are very stable, resisting 60°C for 60 minutes and pH 3 to pH 9.
       When the virus is introduced into a fully susceptible breeding herd it can have devastating effect, maternal reproductive failure, embryonic death and resorption. Infection has also been associated with respiratory and vesicular disease, neonatal systemic disease, and low fertility in boars. A single serotype of porcine parvovirus is recognized.
       PPV replicates in lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus, spleen, lungs, salivary glands, and other organs. It replicates well in peripheral blood lymphocytes and stimulate these cells proliferate, thereby increasing the viral load. More than the other parvoviruses, PPV causes persistent infection with chronic shedding.
       Vaccines against PPV are used successfully world-wide to prevent reproductive problems. Porcine parvovirus disease is important infectious cause of reproductive failure in swine throughout the world. Nevertheless, it is not included in the List of Diseases by OIE Classification.

More information about PPV can be obtained:

  • Veterinary Virology, 3rd Edition (Academic Press, 1999).
  • Diseases of Swine, 8th Edition (Iowa State University Press, 1999)

 

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